Holmes D31 4-4-0

The NBR Class M (later LNER Class D31) was a class of 4-4-0 steam locomotive of the North British Railway. The class was created during the tenures of William P. Reid (Locomotive Superintendent) and Walter Chalmers (Chief Draughtsman) by rebuilding three earlier types, the "574", "633", and "729",[1] which had all been designed by Matthew Holmes, and shared many features in common. A total of 48 were produced.
The NBR Class M (later LNER Class D27 & D28) was an older but very similar type of 4-4-0 locomotive, commonly known as the Abbotsford class, and a pioneering 4-4-0 design by Dugald Drummond. A total of 12 were produced. The engines were rebuilt (6 in 1902 and 6 in 1904) to become almost exact copies of the D31 engines. The only visible differences between the 1902 (D27) and 1904 (D28) designs were slight differences to the cab doors and windows
Although both the Holmes and the Drummond engines were included in the class M designation when the NBR adopted formal class designations in 1913, the LNER did not consider the locomotives to be of the same class, and in 1923 (on grouping) the Holmes M class became LNER class D31, whilst the two types of Abbotsfords became LNER classes D27 and D28.
The D31 type locomotives all passed to the London and North Eastern Railway in 1923 but one was withdrawn in 1931, and general withdrawals began in 1933, with only seven of the class passing to British Railways in 1948.

218 Holmes D31 (NBR Class M) 4-4-0
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Holmes D31 (NBR Class M) 4-4-0 - Railway-Photography
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railway photographs from the last 100 years

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Holmes D31 (NBR Class M) 4-4-0 - Railway-Photography
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railway photographs from the last 100 years

62281


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Holmes D31 (NBR Class M) 4-4-0 - Railway-Photography
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railway photographs from the last 100 years

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Holmes D31 (NBR Class M) 4-4-0 - Railway-Photography
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railway photographs from the last 100 years


Neil